Menopause marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycles and reproductive years, typically occurring between the ages of 45 and 55. It is a natural biological process characterized by a decline in ovarian function and a decrease in the production of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. As gynecologists, our role involves not only diagnosing and managing the symptoms of menopause but also providing education, counseling, and treatment options to support women through this transitional phase. This detailed overview explores the physiological changes, symptoms, management strategies, and long-term health considerations associated with menopause.
Defined as the cessation of menstruation for 12 consecutive months, signaling the end of a woman’s reproductive years. The transitional period leading up to menopause, characterized by irregular menstrual cycles and fluctuating hormone levels. This phase can last several years before menopause is reached.
The ovaries gradually produce fewer hormones, including estrogen and progesterone, leading to the cessation of menstrual periods.Reduced levels of estrogen can affect various body systems and contribute to the symptoms of menopause.